<?php
	// calculates the sun position and path throughout the day
	// input params: LAT&LON
	// output json
	
	// not much commenting in code
	// ported from http://www.stjarnhimlen.se/comp/tutorial.html		
	// MANY THANKS!
	// most var-names are identical to above tutorial
	
	
	$LAT = deg2rad($_GET["lat"]);
	$LON = deg2rad($_GET["lon"]);

	
	$year = gmdate("Y");
	$month = gmdate("m");
	$day = gmdate("d");
	$hour = gmdate("H") + (gmdate("i") / 60);

  // get current position
	getsunpos($LAT, $LON, $year, $month, $day, $hour, $azimuth, $altitude, $sunstate);

	// get 3 points during day to create circle
	getsunpos($LAT, $LON, $year, $month, $day, 1, $azm1, $alt1, $ignore);
	getsunpos($LAT, $LON, $year, $month, $day, 9, $azm2, $alt2, $ignore);
	getsunpos($LAT, $LON, $year, $month, $day, 13, $azm3, $alt3, $ignore);

	// transform altitude from radians to number from 0 to 1
	$alt1 = ((pi()/2) - $alt1) / (pi()/2);
	$alt2 = ((pi()/2) - $alt2) / (pi()/2);
	$alt3 = ((pi()/2) - $alt3) / (pi()/2);

	// polar to cartesian
	$x1 = cos($azm1) * $alt1; $y1 = sin($azm1) * $alt1;
	$x2 = cos($azm2) * $alt2; $y2 = sin($azm2) * $alt2;
	$x3 = cos($azm3) * $alt3; $y3 = sin($azm3) * $alt3;

	findCentre($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,$cx,$cy,$r);

	echo "{\"result\":\"OK\",\"sunstate\":\"$sunstate\",\"azimuth\":$azimuth,\"altitude\":$altitude,";
	echo "\"centrex\":$cx,\"centrey\":$cy,\"radius\":$r}";

	

	function getsunpos($LAT, $LON, $year, $month, $day, $hour, &$azimuth, &$altitude, &$sunstate) {
	
	  // julian date
	$d = 367*$year - floor((7*($year + floor(($month+9)/12)))/4)
				 + floor((275*$month)/9) + $day - 730530;
		
	$w = 4.9382415669097640822661983551248 
			 + .00000082193663128794959930855831205818* $d; // (longitude of perihelion)
	  $a = 1.000000                           ;//    (mean distance, a.u.)
	  $e = 0.016709 - .000000001151        * $d ;//   (eccentricity)
	  $M = 6.2141924418482506287494932704807 
	  	 + 0.017201969619332228715501852561964 * $d ;//   (mean anomaly)
		
		
	$oblecl = 0.40909295936270689252387465029835 
						- .0000000062186081248557962825791102081249 * $d  ;// obliquity of the ecliptic
		
	$L = $w + $M; // sun's mean longitude
		
	$E = $M + $e * sin($M) * (1 + $e * cos($M));
		
	$x = cos($E) - $e;
        $y = sin($E) * sqrt(1 - $e * $e);
	    
	  $r = sqrt($x*$x + $y*$y);
	  $v = atan2( $y, $x )  ;
	    
	  $lon = $v + $w;
	  
	  $x = $r * cos($lon);
	  $y = $r * sin($lon);
	  $z = 0.0;
	  
	  $xequat = $x;
	  $yequat = $y * cos($oblecl) + $z * sin($oblecl);
	  $zequat = $y * sin($oblecl) + $z * cos($oblecl);
	
		$RA   = atan2( $yequat, $xequat );
	  $Decl = asin( $zequat / $r );
	
		$RAhours = r2d($RA)/15;
		
	  $GMST0 = r2d( $L + pi() ) / 15;//
	  $SIDTIME = $GMST0 + $hour + rad2deg($LON)/15;
	  
		$HA = deg2rad(($SIDTIME - $RAhours) *15);
		
		$x = cos($HA) * cos($Decl);
	  $y = sin($HA) * cos($Decl);
	  $z = sin($Decl);
	  
	  $xhor = $x * cos(pi()/2 - $LAT) - $z * sin(pi()/2 - $LAT);
	  $yhor = $y;
	  $zhor = $x * sin(pi()/2 - $LAT) + $z * cos(pi()/2 - $LAT);
	  
	  $azimuth  = pi()*3/2 -atan2( $yhor, $xhor );
	  $altitude = asin( $zhor );
	  
	  
		// check sunshine state
		$alt_d = rad2deg($altitude);
		if ($alt_d >= 0)
			$sunstate = "DAY";
		else if ($alt_d >= -6)
			$sunstate = "CIVIL-TWILIGHT";
		else if ($alt_d >= -12)
			$sunstate = "NAUTICAL-TWILIGHT";
		else if ($alt_d >= -18)
			$sunstate = "ASTRONOMICAL-TWILIGHT";
		else
			$sunstate = "NIGHT";
	}		
	
		
	function r2d($r) {
		$d = rad2deg($r);
		while ($d<0) $d += 360;
		while ($d>360) $d -= 360;
		return $d;
	}
	
	
	// functions below are for the sun's path through the day
	
	function findCentre($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,&$cx,&$cy,&$r) {
		
		if (!isPerpendicular($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3) )		CalcCircle($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else if (!isPerpendicular($x1,$y1,$x3,$y3,$x2,$y2) )		CalcCircle($x1,$y1,$x3,$y3,$x2,$y2,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else if (!isPerpendicular($x2,$y2,$x1,$y1,$x3,$y3) )		CalcCircle($x2,$y2,$x1,$y1,$x3,$y3,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else if (!isPerpendicular($x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,$x1,$y1) )		CalcCircle($x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,$x1,$y1,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else if (!isPerpendicular($x3,$y3,$x2,$y2,$x1,$y1) )		CalcCircle($x3,$y3,$x2,$y2,$x1,$y1,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else if (!isPerpendicular($x3,$y3,$x1,$y1,$x2,$y2) )		CalcCircle($x3,$y3,$x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$cx,$cy,$r);	
		else { 
			$cx=0;
			$cy=0;
			$r=0;
			
		}
	}	
	
	function isPerpendicular($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3) {
		$m = 0.00000001;
		$dya = $y2 - $y1;
		$dxa = $x2 - $x1;
		$dyb = $y3 - $y2;
		$dxb = $x3 - $x2;
		
		// checking whether the line of the two pts are vertical
		if (abs($dxa) <= $m && abs($dyb) <= $m){
			//TRACE("The points are pependicular and parallel to x-y axis\n");
			return false;
		}
	
		if (abs($dxa) <= $m || abs($dxb) <= $m || abs($dya) < $m || abs($dyb) <= $m) {
			return true;
		}
		
	}
		
	function CalcCircle($x1,$y1,$x2,$y2,$x3,$y3,&$cx,&$cy,&$r) {
		$m = 0.00000001;
		$dya = $y2 - $y1;
		$dxa = $x2 - $x1;
		$dyb = $y3 - $y2;
		$dxb = $x3 - $x2;
		
		if (abs($dxa) <= $m && abs($dxb) <= $m){
		
			$cx= 0.5 * ($x2 + $x3);
			$cy= 0.5 * ($y1 + $y2);
			$r = sqrt(($x1-$cx)*($x1-$cx) + ($y1-$cy)*($y1-$cy));
			return;
		}
	
		// IsPerpendicular() assure that xDelta(s) are not zero
		$aSlope = $dya/$dxa; 
		$bSlope = $dyb/$dxb;
		if (abs($aSlope-$bSlope) <= 0.000000001){	// checking whether the given points are colinear. 	
		
			return;
		}
	
		// calc center
		$cx = ($aSlope*$bSlope*($y1 - $y3) + $bSlope*($x1 + $x2)
			- $aSlope*($x2+$x3) )/(2* ($bSlope-$aSlope) );
		$cy = -1*($cx - ($x1+$x2)/2)/$aSlope +  ($y1+$y2)/2;
		
		$r = sqrt(($x1-$cx)*($x1-$cx) + ($y1-$cy)*($y1-$cy));
		return;
			
	}
	
?>

php sun position

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